use of plastics in iron ore sintering in Indonesia

Evaluation of iron ore fines from the viewpoint of their …

Sinter plants currently have to use many types of ores with different properties owing to the great demand for iron ores, which was driven by the massive growth in Chinese iron and steel industry. On the other hand, the development of iron ore mines is limited and the quality of iron ores is in a tendency of deterioration.

Application of deep learning in iron ore sintering process: a …

The sintering process is an intricate system with a protracted process flow. The steps in the manufacturing line are primarily composed of the ingredients and …

Iron ore sintering

The sintering process begins with preparation of a sinter mixture consisting of iron ore fines, fluxes, solid fuel (called bonding agents in Japan) such as coke breeze, and return fines from the sinter plant as well as recycled ferruginous materials from downstream iron and steelmaking processes.

Iron ore sintering

Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. In this chapter, the sintering process is …

The use of ammonium sulfate as an inhibitor of dioxin synthesis in iron

The main air pollutants in the sintering process of iron ore are polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and harmful dust. Ore sintering on sinter strands is one ...

Super-high bed sintering for iron ores: inhomogeneous

The inhomogeneous sinter properties in super-high bed sintering have been reported in our previous research. To investigate the reasons for the inhomogeneous phenomena, detailed sampling and analysis of mixed material bed and sintered bed in super-high bed sintering plant were executed. The results indicated that the higher …

The use of ammonium sulfate as an inhibitor of dioxin synthesis in iron

Flow diagram of iron ore sintering process [13] The mix is sintered on a continuous, traveling grate called a sinter strand, which consists of multiple trolleys whose number is specific for the given sinter strand [14] (Fig. 4). In the heat zone, where the temperature is from 1250 to 1320°C on average, fine grains 64 Patrycja Łechtańska and ...

Characteristics and Sintering Mechanisms of Iron Ores with …

In this study, a sintering test of high-alumina limonite from Indonesia, matched with an appropriate magnetite concentration, is performed. The sintering yield and quality index are effectively improved by optimizing the ore matching and regulating the basicity. For the optimal coke dosage of 5.8% and basicity of 1.8, the tumbling index of …

The use of ammonium sulfate as an inhibitor of dioxin synthesis in iron

The main air pollutants in the sintering process of iron ore are polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and harmful dust. Ore sintering on sinter strands is one of the first technology steps in the ironworks. It is a process in which iron ore is crushed, subjected to annealing and mixed with …

Co-treating MSWI fly ash in iron ore sintering process: …

Through recent studies, it was found that iron ore sintering can be used to treat MSWI-FA(Gan et al., 2021). The use area of sintering machines in China has exceeded 160000 square meters, with an annual output of more than 1 billion tons of iron ore sinter, accounting for more than 60% of the global output(Ji et al., 2022).

Recent advances in iron ore sintering

Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Owing to the depleting reserves of traditional high grade iron ore, there have been considerable changes in iron ore resources available throughout the world, especially in steel mills in East Asia.

Effects of Particle Size of Coke on Iron Ore Sintering Process …

Coke breeze is the main heat source in sintering process. Its combustion yields enough amounts of heat which melts the sinter mix. One of the factors that significantly affect the course of coke breeze combustion is its grain size [1,2,3].It is known that fine-grained coke reduces permeability of the sinter mix and the use of coke breeze …

Ore Sintering

Sintering emissions and their mitigation technologies. L. Lu, ... X. Li, in Iron Ore, 2015. 18.1.1 Key gaseous emissions from sinter plants. Iron ore sintering is a material preparation process employed worldwide in the production of iron and steel. According to statistical data on pollution, sintering plants rank second in terms of toxic …

Characteristics and Sintering Mechanisms of Iron Ores with …

Introduction. Due to the depletion of low-impurity iron ore deposits, along with the increase in demand for iron ore in China, the iron and steel enterprises in that country have imported an increasing amount of foreign iron ore in recent years. 1,2 Iron ores from Australia, South Africa, and India account for a large proportion of these …

(PDF) Influence of limestone particle size on iron ore sinter

In the iron ore sintering process, air flow rate is a major factor in determining the flame front speed which in turn influences the sinter quality and productivity. In the present work, sintering characteristics of an Asia Pacific blend of Australian and Brazilian iron ores were extensively studied in an experimental sinter pot test system to ...

Partial substitution of anthracite for coke breeze in iron ore sintering

The iron ore sintering process is one of the vital steps -in an integrated steelmaking chain, the goal of which is to agglomerate iron ore fines into porous sinters with a high mechanical strength ...

Iron ore sintering

Like other sintering processes, iron ore sintering converts iron ore fines of often − 8 mm sizing into larger agglomerates, namely, sinter, between 5 and 50 mm …

Mineral Change of Philippine and Indonesia …

Mineral changes of Philippine and Indonesia nickel lateritic ores during the sintering and the mineralogy of their sinter were studied in present work.

Operational and environmental assessment on the use of charcoal in iron

A study was carried out into the use of charcoal as a supplementary fuel in the iron-ore sintering process.The primary fuel was coke breeze and anthracite with 0, 10, 25, 50 and replacement of the energy input with charcoal to produce sinter. This was achieved by considering the carbon content of each fuel and its corresponding …

Iron ore sintering

Like other sintering processes, iron ore sintering converts iron ore fines of often − 8 mm sizing into larger agglomerates, namely, sinter, between 5 and 50 mm particle size, which possess the physical and metallurgical characteristics and gas permeability required for efficient blast furnace operation.As shown in Figure 14.1, iron ore sintering …

Understanding Sinter and Sinter Plant Operations

Understanding Sinter and Sinter Plant Operations. satyendra; March 15, 2015; 8 Comments ; fluxes, Iron ore fines, SCFA, sinter, sinter plant. basic sinter, sintering machine,; Understanding Sinter and Sinter Plant Operations Sintering is a process of agglomeration of fine mineral particles into a porous and lumpy mass by …

Optimal proportioning of iron ore in sintering process …

Proportioning is an important part of sintering, as it affects the cost of sintering and the quality of sintered ore. To address the problems posed by the complex raw material information and numerous constraints in the sintering process, a multi-objective optimisation model for sintering proportioning was established, which takes …

Mineral Change of Philippine and Indonesia Nickel …

Mineral changes of Philippine and Indonesia nickel lateritic ores during the sintering and the mineralogy of their sinter were studied in present work. A laboratory scale sintering pot was used to prepare the sinter samples. Thermo-gravimetric (TG) tests, differential thermal analysis (DTA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) ex-

Recent advances in iron ore sintering | Semantic Scholar

Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Owing to the depleting reserves of traditional high grade iron ore, there have been considerable changes in iron ore resources available throughout the world, especially in steel mills in East Asia. Corresponding to the …

Operational and environmental assessment on the use of charcoal in iron

The sintering process is a well-established process in use at integrated steel making plants. It consists of an agglomeration through an oxidizing/reducing fusion of iron ore fines (sinter feed) and fluxing agents (lime, limestone, etc.) as well as re-circulated materials (dust, sludge, etc.) at temperatures between 1200 °C to 1400 ° C. A carbon …

Mathematical modelling of iron ore sintering process using genetic

A mathematical model of the iron ore sintering process in a fixed sinter bed and optimisation of the process parameters using real valued genetic algorithm is described. The mathematical model is formulated based on mass and energy balances in gas and solid phases, which are represented by simple partial differential equations. ...

Disposal of zinc extraction residues via iron ore sintering

Zinc extraction residue, a solid waste generated from the treatment of zinc-containing dust in rotary kilns, is commonly stockpiled in steel companies for extended periods. It poses significant disposal challenges and environmental pollution risks. So far, research on the treatment of zinc extraction residues has been slow, inadequate, and …

Iron Ore Sintering Process & Equipment in Steel …

Sinter is the primary feed material for making iron in a blast furnace. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the sintering process converts fine-sized raw materials, including iron ore, coke breeze, limestone, mill scale, and flue dust, into an agglomerated product, sinter, of suitable size for charging into the blast furnace.

Dynamic Model of High-Temperature Sintered Iron Ore …

Influence of Iron Ore Sinter Base Mix Fines (− 0.150 mm) …

The product ion of high strength iron ore sinter for blast furnace iron making unit was developed by optimizing the granulometry of less than − 0.150 mm fines in sinter base mix which consists of iron ore fines (− 10 mm size with 0.150 mm: 41%), beneficiation plant jig concentrate, i.e., washed ore (− 3 + 0.150 mm size with − 0.150 …